Cov tsom iav yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev kho qhov muag thiab muaj ntau hom nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm tus neeg hnav. Ob lub tsom iav uas siv ntau tshaj plaws yog cov tsom iav pom ib zaug thiab cov tsom iav ob sab. Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si ua haujlwm los kho qhov tsis pom kev, lawv tau tsim los rau ntau lub hom phiaj thiab cov pej xeem sib txawv. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tsom iav no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab paub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tib neeg qhov kev xav tau pom kev hloov pauv nrog hnub nyoog thiab kev ua neej nyob. Hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntxaws ntxaws no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav qhov sib txawv ntawmkev pom ib leeg xwbthiabcov tsom iav ob sab, suav nrog lawv cov ntawv thov, cov txiaj ntsig, thiab lawv daws cov teeb meem pom kev tshwj xeeb li cas.
1. Cov Lens Pom Kev Ib Zaug: Lawv Yog Dab Tsi?
Cov tsom iav pom kev ib zaug yog hom tsom iav yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab siv dav tshaj plaws hauv cov tsom iav. Raws li lub npe qhia, cov tsom iav no yog tsim los kho qhov muag pom kev ntawm ib qho ntev focal. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv muaj tib lub zog kho thoob plaws tag nrho ntawm lub lens, ua rau lawv haum rau kev kho ib hom kev ua yuam kev refractive - tsis hais qhov muag ze (myopia) lossis qhov muag deb (hyperopia).
Cov Nta Tseem Ceeb:
Lub zog sib xws:Lub lens muaj zog sib xws thoob plaws, tsom lub teeb rau ib qho ntawm lub retina. Qhov no ua rau pom kev meej ntawm ib qho deb.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Yooj Yim:Vim tias cov tsom iav pom kev ib zaug tsuas yog kho tau ib hom teeb meem pom kev xwb, lawv yooj yim heev rau kev tsim qauv thiab kev tsim khoom.
Rau Myopia (Myopia):Cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem pom kev ze muaj teeb meem pom cov khoom nyob deb kom meej. Cov tsom iav pom kev ib leeg rau cov neeg uas pom kev ze ua haujlwm los ntawm kev faib lub teeb ua ntej nws mus txog rau ntawm lub retina, pab cov khoom nyob deb kom pom tseeb dua.
Rau Hyperopia (Farsightedness):Cov tib neeg uas muaj qhov muag pom kev deb nyuaj rau pom cov khoom nyob ze kom meej. Cov tsom iav pom kev ib leeg rau hyperopia tsom lub teeb rau ntawm retina kom pom tseeb dua, ua rau pom kev ze zoo dua.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Siv:
Cov tsom iav pom kev ib sab kuj siv tau rau cov neeg uas muaj astigmatism, uas yog ib qho mob uas lub qhov muag lub cornea tsis zoo li qub, ua rau pom kev tsis meej ntawm txhua qhov deb. Cov tsom iav pom kev ib sab tshwj xeeb hu ua toric lenses yog tsim los kho qhov astigmatism.
Cov Zoo ntawm Cov Lens Pom Kev Ib Leeg:
Tsim thiab Tsim Khoom Yooj Yim Dua: Vim tias cov tsom iav no tau tsim los kho qhov muag pom kev ntawm ib qho deb xwb, lawv yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua li cov tsom iav ntau lub qhov muag.
Ntau Yam Kev Siv:Cov tsom iav pom kev ib zaug xwb muaj ntau yam siv tau thiab tsim nyog rau cov neeg txhua lub hnub nyoog uas tsuas muaj ib hom kev ua yuam kev ntawm lub zeem muag xwb.
Tus Nqi Qis Dua: Feem ntau, cov tsom iav pom kev ib zaug pheej yig dua li cov tsom iav bifocal lossis cov tsom iav nce qib.
Kev Hloov Kho Yooj Yim:Vim tias tag nrho lub lens muaj zog kho tau zoo ib yam, cov neeg hnav cov lens pom kev ib leeg hloov kho tau yooj yim yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis tsis xis nyob.
Kev Ntsuas Kom Pom Tseeb Txwv:Cov tsom iav pom kev ib zaug tsuas kho tau ib hom teeb meem pom kev (ze lossis deb), uas tej zaum yuav tsis txaus rau cov neeg uas muaj presbyopia lossis lwm yam mob ntsig txog hnub nyoog uas cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si pom kev ze thiab deb.
Kev Hloov Kho Qhov Muag Ntau Zaus:Rau cov tib neeg uas xav tau kev kho rau ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm deb thiab ze (piv txwv li, nyeem ntawv thiab tsav tsheb), cov iav pom kev ib leeg yuav tsum tau hloov ntawm ntau khub tsom iav sib txawv, uas yuav tsis yooj yim.
Cov Kev Txwv ntawm Cov Iav Pom Kev Ib Leeg:
①. Kev Pom Kev Tsawg: Cov iav pom kev ib leeg tsuas kho tau ib hom teeb meem pom kev (ze lossis deb), uas tej zaum yuav tsis txaus rau cov neeg uas muaj presbyopia lossis lwm yam mob ntsig txog hnub nyoog uas cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si pom kev ze thiab deb.
②. Hloov Cov Iav Qhov Muag Ntau Zaus: Rau cov tib neeg uas xav tau kev kho rau ob qho tib si kev ua haujlwm deb thiab ze (piv txwv li, nyeem ntawv thiab tsav tsheb), cov iav pom kev ib leeg yuav tsum tau hloov ntawm ntau khub iav sib txawv, uas yuav tsis yooj yim.
2. Cov Lens Bifocal: Lawv Yog Dab Tsi?
Cov tsom iav ob sab (bifocal lenses) yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov tib neeg uas xav tau kev kho kom pom kev deb thiab pom kev ze. Cov tsom iav no muab faib ua ob ntu sib txawv: ib ntu yog rau kev pom cov khoom deb kom meej, thaum lwm ntu yog rau kev pom cov khoom ze, xws li thaum nyeem ntawv. Cov tsom iav ob sab (bifocals) tau tsim los kho cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem presbyopia, uas yog ib qho mob uas lub qhov muag poob nws lub peev xwm los tsom mus rau cov khoom ze thaum tib neeg laus zuj zus.
Cov Nta Tseem Ceeb:
Ob Daim Ntawv Qhia Tshuaj Hauv Ib Lub Lens:Cov tsom iav ob sab muaj ob lub zog kho qhov muag sib txawv hauv ib lub tsom iav, feem ntau yog sib cais los ntawm ib txoj kab pom. Sab saud ntawm lub tsom iav siv rau kev pom deb, thaum sab hauv qab siv rau kev nyeem ntawv lossis lwm yam haujlwm ze.
Kab Sib Cais Sib Txawv:Cov tsom iav bifocals ib txwm muaj ib txoj kab lossis ib txoj kab nkhaus uas cais ob thaj chaw pom kev, ua rau nws yooj yim hloov ntawm qhov deb thiab nyeem cov ntawv sau tshuaj los ntawm kev txav lub qhov muag mus rau saum lossis nqis.
Rau Presbyopia:Qhov laj thawj feem ntau uas tib neeg hnav cov iav bifocal yog kom kho qhov muag presbyopia. Cov mob no feem ntau pib cuam tshuam rau cov neeg hnub nyoog 40 thiab 50 xyoo, ua rau nws nyuaj rau lawv tsom mus rau cov khoom nyob ze, xws li thaum nyeem ntawv lossis siv xov tooj ntawm tes.
Rau Kev Kho Qhov Muag Pom Kev Tib Lub Sijhawm:Cov tsom iav ob sab (bifocals) zoo tagnrho rau cov neeg uas xav tau hloov pauv ntau zaus ntawm kev saib cov khoom nyob deb (xws li tsav tsheb lossis saib TV) thiab ua cov haujlwm nyob ze (xws li nyeem ntawv lossis siv computer). Tus qauv tsim ob-hauv-ib tso cai rau lawv ua qhov no yam tsis tas hloov tsom iav.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Siv:
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Bifocal Lenses:
Kev daws teeb meem yooj yim ob-hauv-ib:Cov tsom iav ob sab tsis tas yuav nqa ntau khub tsom iav. Los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke qhov kev kho qhov muag pom kev deb thiab pom kev ze ua ib khub, lawv muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj presbyopia lossis lwm yam kev xav tau pom kev ntau lub focal.
Kev Ua Haujlwm Pom Kev Zoo Dua:Rau cov tib neeg uas xav tau kev pom tseeb ntawm qhov deb thiab ze, cov tsom iav bifocals muab kev txhim kho tam sim ntawd hauv kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub yam tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm kev hloov tsom iav tas li.
Tus Nqi Zoo Piv Rau Cov Progressives: Txawm hais tias cov iav bifocal kim dua li cov iav ib leeg pom kev, feem ntau lawv pheej yig dua li cov iav progressive, uas muab kev hloov pauv du dua ntawm cov cheeb tsam sib txawv.
Kev Faib Tawm Pom Kev: Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov iav bifocal yog txoj kab pom kev cais ob thaj chaw pom kev. Qee tus neeg siv pom qhov no tsis zoo nkauj, thiab nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov nyhuv "dhia" thaum hloov ntawm ob thaj chaw.
Kev Pom Kev Nruab Nrab Txwv:Tsis zoo li cov iav tsom iav uas nce qib zuj zus, cov iav tsom iav bifocals tsuas muaj ob thaj chaw uas yuav tsum tau kho xwb—qhov deb thiab qhov ze. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov tsis pom kev zoo li qub, xws li saib lub computer, uas yuav ua teeb meem rau qee yam haujlwm.
Lub Sijhawm Hloov Kho:Qee tus neeg siv yuav siv sijhawm los hloov kho rau qhov kev hloov pauv sai ntawm ob thaj chaw tsom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hloov ntawm qhov deb thiab qhov pom ze ntau zaus.
Cov Kev Txwv ntawm Cov Lens Bifocal:
①. Kev Faib Tawm Pom Kev: Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov iav bifocal yog kab pom kev cais ob thaj chaw pom kev. Qee tus neeg siv pom qhov no tsis zoo nkauj, thiab nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov nyhuv "dhia" thaum hloov ntawm ob thaj chaw.
②. Pom Kev Tsawg Nruab Nrab: Tsis zoo li cov iav tsom iav nce qib, cov iav tsom iav bifocals tsuas muaj ob thaj chaw pom kev xwb—deb thiab ze. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv rau kev pom kev nruab nrab, xws li saib lub vijtsam computer, uas tuaj yeem ua teeb meem rau qee yam haujlwm.
3. Lub Sijhawm Hloov Kho: Qee tus neeg siv yuav siv sijhawm los hloov kho rau qhov kev hloov pauv sai ntawm ob thaj chaw tsom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hloov ntawm qhov deb thiab qhov pom ze ntau zaus.
3. Kev Sib Piv Txog Cov Lens Ib Zaug Pom Kev Thiab Cov Lens Ob Lub Qhov Muag
Yuav kom nkag siab zoo dua txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav pom kev ib zaug thiab cov iav ob sab, cia peb piav qhia lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim qauv, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev paub ntawm tus neeg siv.
4. Thaum twg koj yuav tsum xaiv cov iav tsom iav ib sab lossis ob sab?
Kev xaiv ntawm cov iav tsom iav ib sab thiab cov iav tsom iav ob sab feem ntau nyob ntawm koj qhov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm kev pom kev. Nov yog qee qhov xwm txheej uas txhua hom yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua:
Kev Xaiv Cov Lenses Pom Kev Ib Leeg:
①. Cov Neeg Pom Kev Ze Los Yog Pom Kev Ntev: Yog tias koj tsuas muaj ib hom kev ua yuam kev ntawm lub zeem muag, xws li myopia lossis hyperopia, thiab tsis tas yuav kho rau ob qho kev pom kev ze thiab deb, cov iav pom kev ib leeg yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
2. Cov Hluas: Cov neeg hluas feem ntau tsuas xav tau kev kho rau ib hom teeb meem pom kev xwb. Vim tias lawv tsis tshua muaj teeb meem presbyopia, cov iav qhov muag ib sab muab kev daws teeb meem yooj yim thiab pheej yig.
Kev xaiv cov iav Bifocal:
①. Kev Pom Kev Pom Kev Uas Muaj Feem Xyuam Rau Lub Hnub Nyoog: Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem tsom mus rau cov khoom ze vim yog kev pom kev pom kev tab sis tseem xav tau kev kho qhov deb, cov tsom iav bifocal yog qhov kev xaiv zoo.
②. Kev Hloov Pauv Ntau Zaus Ntawm Kev Pom Kev Ze Thiab Deb: Rau cov tib neeg uas xav tau kev hloov pauv tas li ntawm kev saib cov khoom deb thiab nyeem ntawv lossis ua haujlwm ze, cov iav bifocal muab kev yooj yim thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv ib lub lens.
5. Xaus Lus
Hauv kev xaus lus, cov iav tsom iav ib sab thiab cov iav tsom iav ob sab yog tsim los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau sib txawv ntawm kev kho qhov muag. Cov iav tsom iav ib sab yog qhov yooj yim thiab zoo tagnrho rau cov neeg hluas lossis cov neeg uas xav tau kho ib hom teeb meem pom kev, xws li kev pom ze lossis kev pom deb. Cov iav tsom iav ob sab, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tsim los rau cov neeg laus uas muaj presbyopia uas xav tau kev kho rau ob qho tib si kev pom ze thiab deb, muab kev daws teeb meem yooj yim ob qho tib si.
Kev xaiv cov tsom iav uas zoo yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb heev uas yuav pab kom koj pom kev zoo thiab xis nyob txhua hnub. Kev sab laj nrog kws kho qhov muag lossis kws kho qhov muag yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub seb hom tsom iav twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus kheej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-16-2024